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VM
2985*
HRU
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Interpretation

- Interpretation Grave of cranium and vertebrae, damaged by 2008-2009 activity as well as by later graveyard activity.
- Interpreted by
  - Cori Fenwick
- Interpreted on 17-6-2009

Stratigraphic Relationships

- VM_2983
  Cuts
- VM_2986
  Covers
- Edit
- VM_2985
- Fills
  VM_2987
- Edit

Site Photo

Site Photo VM_599
Site Photo VM_615

Description

Definitioncranium of adult cut by grave of HRU 2988*
Excavation Techniquesmall tools
Type of Graveearth
Type of Grave Covernone
OrientationW-E
State of Conservationpoor
Conditionpoor
DescriptionSkull ad vertebrae of an adult, most likely. Skull damaged by 2009 activity. Most probably facing W-E, in supine position.
Observationsno associated finds
Period
Phase
Associated Finds
Stratigraphic Reliabilitygood

Sex
- Undeterminable
Age
- Adult
Deposition Type
- Disturbed Primary

Age- Diagnostic Criteriasize
Nature of disturbancelater graves

Position

Position of skeleton
- Supine
Ligaments: Temporo-Mandibolare
- connected
Ligaments: Cranio-Atlante
- connected
Ligaments: Atlante-Epistrofeo
- absent
Ligaments: Epistrofeo-C3
- absent

Position of Craniumupright
Limbs: Upper (sx)absent
Limbs: Hand (sx)absent
Limbs: Upper (dx)absent
Limbs: Hand (dx)absent
Limbs: Lower (sx)absent
Limbs: Lower (dx)absent
Observationscranium damaged by 2008-2009 activity

Articulation

Cervical column
- absent
Distal part of the hand (sx)
- absent
Distal part of the hand (dx)
- absent
Distal part of the foot (sx)
- absent
Distal part of the foot (dx)
- absent
Scapula-humerus joint (sx)
- absent
Scapula-humerus joint (dx)
- absent
Atlanto-occipital
- absent
Lumbar column
- absent
Lumbar-sacrum
- absent
Sacrum-iliac (sx)
- absent
Sacrum-iliac (dx)
- absent
Knee-cap (sx)
- absent
Knee-cap (dx)
- absent
Anklebones (sx)
- absent
Anklebones (dx)
- absent
Tarsals (sx)
- absent
Tarsals (dx)
- absent

Decomposition and Compression

Opening of the thoraxNA
Sunken sternumNA
PelvisNA
Knee-capsNA
AnklebonesNA
Verticalization of clavicleNA
Oblique scapulaNA
Medial rotation of humerusNA
Lateral rotation of femurNA

Decomposition
- In full space

Isotope Analysis

Basic Information

Definitioncranium of adult cut by grave of HRU 2988*

Tomb

Tomb VM_T220
- burial

Geophoto

Geophoto VM_259

Record Details

Director
- Lisa Fentress
Supervisor
- Cori Fenwick
Date of Excavation 17-6-2009
Issued to Cori Fenwick
Issued on 17-6-2009

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ARK

Fentress, E., Goodson, C., Maiuro, M., Andrews, M., Dufton, J.A. (eds.) 2016. Villa Magna: an Imperial Estate and its Legacies. Excavations 2006–2010. British School at Rome, Rome.

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